Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Infections, Part 1

By Anthony Cannella, MD

January 12th, 2024

Dr. Anthony Cannella, Associate Professor of Medicine at the University of South Florida Division of Infectious Diseases, presents this update on nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections. Dr. Cannella begins by discussing the taxonomy of nontuberculous mycobacteria. Next, he reviews epidemiology including the common methods of transmission of the infection. He then describes the immunological factors that confer increased susceptibility for certain individuals. Laboratory growth characteristics are also reviewed. Dr. Cannella then reviews the most significant species of NTM producing disease in humans. He begins by describing Mycobacterium avium complex, and then discusses M. kansasii, M. xenopii, M. haemophilum, S. szulgai, and M. marinum. Clinical cases are presented throughout the talk to help with information retention and provide specific clinical examples.

Surgical Prophylaxis

By Shuchi Pandya, MD

January 8th, 2024

Dr. Shuchi Pandya, infectious diseases clinician with the ID Associates of Tampa Bay, presents an update in the use of antimicrobials for surgical prophylaxis. Dr Pandyla begins by clarifying the definition of a surgical site infection. She then differentiates the categories of surgical procedures in terms of clean, clean contaminated, contaminated, and dirty procedures and their typical microbial characteristics. She then discusses other aspects of antimicrobial prophylaxis, including timing, duration, and surgery-specific variations. Specific recommendations for GI Surgery, OB-Gyn, orthopedic, breast, and spinal surgery are also discussed in a fast paced presentation.

Aspergillus, Mucor, and Sporothrix Infections

By Aliyah Baluch, MD, Msc

November 20th, 2023

Dr. Aliyah Baluch, Program Lead for Bone Marrow Transplant Infectious Diseases at Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, reviews Important opportunistic fungal pathogens of relevance to the stem cell transplant and immunocompromised patient. Dr. Baluch beings by discussing the pharmacologic options for aspergillus treatment and their individual mechanisms of action. Next, through a case-based format, she reviews specific scenarios related to fungal infections with Aspergillus, Mucor, and Sporothrix. Lastly, new agents in the antifungal pipeline are discussed, and a robust question and answer session closes the presentation.

Protozoal Diseases

By Jacqueline Sherbuk, MD

November 13th, 2023

Dr. Jackie Sherbuk, Assistant Professor at the Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, reviews the most important protozoal infections affecting humans. Dr. Sherbuk begins by discussing Entomaeba histolytica, the agent of amoebic colitis, amoebic liver abscess, and dysentery. Next, Dr. Sherbuk elaborates on Leishmaniasis, differentiates visceral, mucosal, and cutaneous disease and and discusses diagnosis and treatment. Next, the speaker discusses Trypanosoma Cruzei (Chagas disease), including epidemiology, geographc distribution, life cycle, clinical manifestations, and the differences seen in immunocompromised persons. She closes by covering old and new world trypanosomiasis. Several case studies are also presented to help test the learner’s retention of the presented information.

Diabetic Foot Infections: Toe to Toe

By Richard L. Oehler, MD

November 6th, 2023

Dr. Richard L. Oehler, MD, Professor of Medicine at the USF Morsani College of Medicine, presents this update on Diabetic Foot Infections (DFIs). Focusing on recent guidelines updates from 2023, Dr. Oeher discusses DFI epidemiology, pathophysiology, and Diabetic foot exam basics. He then goes on to review diabetic vascular disease and its role in the progression of diabetic foot complications. Dr. Oehler then reviews the workup of diabetic foot infections including imaging and physical examination findings. Lastly, the management of diabetic foot osteomyelitis is discussed including treatment strategies and prevention.

Pneumonia

By John Greene, MD

October 30th, 2023

Dr. John Greene, Professor of Medicine and Chief of Infectious Diseases at Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, presents a review of Pneumonia in this podcast. He differentiates the different pneumonia types by lung pattern, distinguishing the likely etiologies in the categories of ground glass pnuemonia, consolidative infiltrates, small and large nodular pneumonia, and cavitary disease. The lecture is presented in a case-based format to facilitate retention of the information and for ease in learning. Noninfectious etiologies of lung infiltrates are also presented.

Antivirals and Antifungals in Cancer Patients

By Rod Quilitz, Pharm.D., BCOP

October 24th, 2023

Dr. Rod Quilitz, Lead Pharmacist and Antimicrobial Stewardship Program Coordinator at Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, presents a comprehensive talk on the use of antifungal agents and antivirals in the Malignancy patient. Dr Quilitz begins by reviewing the mechanisms of action of different antifungal drug classes. He next discusses Polyene antifungals, azoles, echinocandins in order and includes information on their structure, indications, spectrum of action, dosing information, and toxicities. Lastly, Dr Quilitz discusses antivirals used in the treatment of Herpesvirus family infections, including acyclovir, ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir, and others.

Malaria and Fever in the Returning Traveller

By Kami Kim, MD

October 10th, 2023

Dr. Kami Kim, Chief of the USF’s Division of Infectious Diseases and International Medicine, presents an update on Malaria and fever in the returning traveller. Dr. Kim begins her talk by presenting an overview of the tropical infections associated with a febrile presentation. She then discusses the work up if the returning traveller with fever, including essential elements of the history, physical exam, and laboratory workup. She then reviews the history of malaria and then moves on to malaria epidemiology. The life cycle of malaria is presented, and then the factors associated with transmission are reviewed. Malaria diagnostics are also discussed. Lastly, Dr. Kim closes by contrasting the distinctions between the individual malaria species (falciparum, malariae, ovale, knowlesi) and their clinical spectrums of disease.

Overview of Antibiotics

By Jose Montero, MD

October 5th, 2023

Dr. Jose Montero, Professor of Medicine at the Division of Infectious Diseases, Morsani College of Medicine, presents a basic review of anti-infective agents. Dr. Montero begins by discussing the initial assessment of antibiotic choice, related to broad versus narrow spectrum coverage, allergy assessement, and awareness of normal flora versus pathogens. Next, he discusses MIC interpretation and mechanisms of resistance. Dr. Montero then covers each of the major antibiotic classes, including cephalosporins, carbapenems, flouroquinolones, aminoglycosides, gloycopeptines, and oxazolidinones. Lastly, Dr. Montero discusses antibiotic agents used for the coverage of highly resistant bacteria. Cost information about antibiotic agents is also shared.

HIV and Malignancy

By Ana Velez, MD

August 22nd, 2023

Dr. Ana Velez, Professor of Medicine and Infectious Diseases Clinician at Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, discusses the association between malignancies and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection. Dr. Velez begins by discussing that factors in HIV disease and stimulate the formation of cancers. Next, Dr. Velez discusses AIDS defining maligancies, including Kaposi sarcoma, Non-Hodgekin Lymphoma, and cervical cancer. Dr. Velez then discusses lung cancer and head and neck cancer in HIV disease, and speculates on the reasons for poorer outcomes in these patients. Lastly, state of the art therapies for malignancy treatment in HIV patients are discussed, including stem cell transplantation and CAR-T therapy.

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